Background and Objective: The increase in industrial activities and the dispersion of interdependent industries in unfavorable climatic situations have caused environmental problems and issues on the other hand, it can be considered a serious obstacle to sustainable production in industries. The purpose of this research is Interpretive ranking appraisal of ecological drivers of sustainable production in the oil industry. Material and Methodology: This research, which is considered developmental and mixed in terms of methodology, tried to identify the ecological drivers of sustainable production in the oil industry by relying on Meta-synthesis analysis and Delphi processes in the qualitative part of the research. Then, in the quantitative part, interpretive ranking analysis will be used to identify the most effective ecological driver of sustainable production in oil industry. The participant in the qualitative section was 14 specialists and experts in the field of industrial management at the university level and in the quantitative part, the participation of 23 managers and the experts was used from the management level of the development center in the National Iranian Oil Company, who had experience both in terms of knowledge and experience. The results of the research in the qualitative part after the content screening of 14 confirmed studies indicated the existence of 6 ecological drivers of sustainable production in the oil industry. Findings: The results in the quantitative part of the research showed that, from the sum of the overall effectiveness based on the paired scale between the research components, it was determined that the percentage of influence of the stimulus, ecological, climatic and environmental positioning is higher than the rest of the ecological stimuli of sustainable production in the oil industry. Discussion and Conclusion: The obtained result expresses the fact that ecological positioning in terms of climate and environment helps the oil industry by bringing together companies active in this field, while preventing the dispersion of industrial companies, at the same time can by evaluating the soil, Plant and animal diversity and other environmental aspects prevent the erosion of natural resources and environmental pollution.

The upcoming study investigates the design and use of vertical-axis wind turbines for power extraction in Chahnimeha, Zabol. In Sistan and Baluchestan provinces, due to the vastness and climatic barriers, the use of renewable energy can greatly contribute to the well-being of people. Using the meteorological data of this province, the average wind speed in the Chahnime region is estimated at 6.4 m/s. At first, 4 airfoils with the highest lift-to-drag coefficient have been selected and studied for wind turbine design. By choosing the best airfoil among the four examined ones, a wind turbine with 3 different blade sizes and rotor radius was designed. The wind turbine, which is designed with a blade length of 3 meters and a rotor radius of 1.5 m, has the best performance. The vertical axis wind turbine has been investigated in 4 models with 3, 5, 7, and 9 blades. The power factor of the 3-bladed turbine is equal to 0.30, and of the 7-bladed wind turbine is equal to 0.45. Among the examined wind turbines, the best wind turbine with 7 blades was chosen. The reduction of wind speed before the blades is influenced by the solidity of the wind turbine. The study of wind turbine exergy was used to investigate the environmental effects such as humidity and temperature on the performance of wind turbines in the climatic region of Zabol. The exergy efficiency of the designed 3-blade and 7-blade wind turbine is equal to 45 and 75%, which shows the effect of temperature and relative humidity on the wind turbine efficiency in a climate region. The results of this study clearly show that it is possible to use a 7-blade vertical axis wind turbine to provide electricity to areas far from the grid and to produce scattered.

The isotopic documents of lake deposition are suitable potential means for studying the intercontinental, environmental and climatic conditions. In order to study the environmental and climatic conditions of Parishan area in Fars province in Holocene, a Core was taken with the length of 2m from the Parishan lake sediment. From this core, kernel time series was provided from documents of carbon and oxygen isotopes. Results show that during the study period, climatic changes because gradual increasing in the value of ¶O18carb.This represents a weak dryness process in the area up to now. Contrary to this, carbon isotope documents during the study period show the more vigorous changes. Variability of ¶O13carb values during the study period is known as the result of changes in the value of evacuation of underground waters to the lake. As it is observed in the process at ¶O18carb throughout the study period, ¶O13carb values have an increasing process, yet the observed changes in ¶C13carb value are more vigorous than ¶O18carb and it seems that variation of underground waters was not in complete harmony with dryness process of the area. It seems that achievement of underground waters around the lake in the form of well and aqueduct is the intensify factor for the reduction of underground inputs to the lake.

ABSTRACT The attention of contemporary planners to environmental factors and increasing awareness and communication of man with his surrounding environment has increased the layers and defining factors of design and planning concepts. In such a way, a common problem with the issue of environmental capabilities to respond was put in front of the planners. The collection of ideas presented in this era was in the form of responsive planning, focusing on the maximum use of environmental capabilities. The necessity of the emergence of a comprehensive discourse to overcome the plurality of factors, definitions and design methods in the environmental fields has been given less attention. Based on this, the current research aims to organize the leading theories in this field in a targeted manner and seeks to improve them based on their synergy. The structural question of this research is the meanings, examples and meaningful contexts of flexibility in various aspects and scales of urban planning. The research method used is qualitative thematic analysis with the help of artificial intelligence in MAXQDA software in a 6-step processing process. The important application of this research is to structure the minds of the planners of this field to reduce the scattered and interdisciplinary problems of the resources. The results of this research revealed dimensions such as identification and recognizability, diversity and changeability, adaptability and expandability, distribution, separation and continuity, organization and compatibility in the field of flexibility and related to the corresponding parts in urban planning   Extended Abstract Introduction Responsiveness-based design and planning emphasizing the maximum use of environmental capacities to meet users' needs implicitly cause a targeted improvement of environmental quality. As the environmental awareness of contemporary man has expanded and the platforms have become more diverse, many challenges are raised in the field of environment-oriented in the field of infrastructure quality and service provision. Urban developments and new developments in cities should be interpreted with integrated conceptualization. The conceptualization of interpretive flexibility in the planning and designing of public spaces in the city is used as an interdisciplinary perspective in urban space design to open and discuss its connection and potential as an approach to strengthening social cohesion and inclusion. The general definition of flexibility is that it can create places with new forms of meaning and be used for different groups to strengthen its coherence and multidisciplinary inclusion in terms of design and planning of space and body. On this basis, the concept of flexibility is proposed as a principle in the context of design and planning due to its wide range of effects on background phenomena. The history of such a role can be seen in the diversity of users' needs. In such a way, it is impossible to express the specific time and area of the need to pay attention to this concept. This is in line with Oldenburg's theory of "social public spaces," in which being in public space, communicating with people and the environment through observing the streets, sidewalks, squares, and parks of the city is a necessary step for people as a part of their social life. The meaningfulness of the design of the artificial environment was considered. In any case, in the contemporary era, on the one hand, at the same time as the quantitative and qualitative increase of human environmental awareness, there is no longer any phenomenon in the eyes of contemporary man arising from a unique aspect and range of factors. On the other hand, his life needs in the individual and collective dimensions have seen a high diversity, which has led to the formation of multiple semantic domains of past flexibility. The meaning of flexibility in such an interdisciplinary platform and basic design refers to the concept of understanding and responding quickly and efficiently to environmental changes. Such a holistic definition for this broad field of environmental design means the implicit acceptance of the role of scale in the meaningful domain of these concepts. On a macro scale, it means making design options to increase the presence, participation, and power of choices of users of the environment in participatory urban planning and design methods, and on a small scale, it means making design options to increase spatial quality and, as a result, the quality of activities. The daily activities of environmental users are through selection against the "dominant space." Flexibility at different scales is crucial for dimensional optimization, shaping, and structuring spatial features, leading to improved performance of space components and spaces. The development of the concept of "flexibility" from various studies in metropolitan to micro scales, such as interior architecture, allows it to pass the discourse of responsiveness to provide a broad approach to environmental design in which different values, interests, and priorities are prioritized. As a result, the issue of flexibility in environmental design has been raised as a multi-dimensional field in the design and planning of the basic environment. The breadth and complexity of this concept have made the researchers of this field deal with it in one or more ways, and it has been avoided to provide a comprehensive framework about the nature and structuring processes. The current research presents a structured view of flexibility in architecture and urban planning with an environmental approach.   Methodology The methodology to achieve this goal is to use the macro research method and achieve a comprehensive framework by combining categorized interpretations. In such a way that by sorting and categorizing these concepts and bases in a new way, he has found a new level of theoretical findings, which will be a suitable answer for the gaps in scientific knowledge and scientific methods created in this field. In this context, the research method "thematic analysis" has been used with a qualitative approach and the use of library resources. Also, to overcome the breadth and complexity of these concepts and the multi-layer networking of concepts in this research method, artificial intelligence has been used in MAXQDA research assistance software.   Results and discussion In the meantime, attention should also be paid to the fields of influence and application of the results of this research because designers refer to flexibility as the creator of environmental qualities, including dynamism. Also, since flexibility, along with the principles of readability and adaptability, affect the lifestyle and behavioral patterns of the audience of environmental design in architecture and urban planning, it will also be effective in dealing with the challenge of complexity in environmental design factors. One of the key questions for achieving research goals on this issue is how flexibility in environmental design impacts the relationship between flexibility and scale.   Conclusion The most important finding of this research suggests that first, it requires a focus on the conditions under which the processes of perceiving human abilities and discovering the needs of the human audience can manifest. The theoretical framework arises from a comparative approach between design disciplines. These conditions are independent of the final state of the design product, and strengthening the environmental capacities will lead to a direction and an area that includes environmental flexibility. By responding to new situations, the construction of the space and the body within a space building can be adapted to various configurations. Even though the environment may remain constant, the designed place will continue functioning as a strong living system over time.  It also seems that the nature of issues related to flexibility has complexity. Considering that the quality of flexibility in urban planning and architecture is significant in multilevel and multifaceted scales from micro to macro, it is important to pay attention to the scale of different variables. In order to reduce this problem, the consistency and adjustment of the scale of the variables measured in a specific analysis should be considered in the first step.   Funding There is no funding support.   Authors’ Contribution All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.   Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest.   Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific.

Increasing more injection of substances (precipitation) and decreasing the evaporation process in water basins has led to formation of Abarkooh hole in cold periods and also Abarkooh lake; a lake around which several social communities have been created due to this feature and in warm periods, it has turned into desert as the result of disturbing the proportion of its input and outputs. These climatic fluctuations and changes and environmental responses to them have produced many changes in the local hydrologic system and accessible water sources and have also endangered the sustainability of the area because of the external disorder factors such as drought. The danger which certainly threats the social communities and if no special management practices have been employed, will lead to the destruction of human communities and demolish of its natural ecosystems. This study which is derived from a research plan in Isfahan University has been conducted by the aim of studying how the weather changes affect the evolution path of Abarkooh basin. Moreover, it has examined the basin status and icings reduction rate and therefore the basin input rate, by relying on the Allometry procedure and evaluating 6 synoptic stations in analyzing the annual changes process of climatic parameters such as mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, current and past precipitation of the lake and also by using the evapotranspiration method. Results obtained from the research suggest that changing the current environmental parameters ratio to the colder periods have all exceeded from the stability thresholds and the general state of the environmental systems is about to collapse.

Tourism is one of the most important part of world economy which is really sensitive as far as air and climate are concerned. The climate has a powerful influence on Tourism and leisure sector, so that in some regions of the world tourism development is predicted based on climate changes. Wilton studies in 1998 showed that increasing each one Celsius on average summer's temperature in Canada would cause four percent increase in tourist quantities. In this study the compared tourism quantities climatic indexes included HU, CPI, PMV, PET and TCI collected from synoptic stations of Bojnurd, Damghan, Sabzevar, Sari, Shahrood and two stations inside the Golestan city, namely Moravetape and Gorgan. The effectiveness of these indexes in Golestan was studied and a thermal comfort map for identifying the best season for tourists was prepared.

Background: The reports of numerous outbreaks of whiteflies from different parts of the world have increased its medical importance. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between environmental changes and climatic factors with the outbreak of the whitefly population in Tehran, the capital of Iran. Methods: This study was carried out in urban areas of Tehran, where the increasing population of whiteflies was reported frequently during 2018. In order to entrap the whiteflies, 20 yellow sticky cards smeared with white refined grease were installed on the trunks of the trees at twice per month as trapping time intervals. The captured flies were transferred and conserved in cans containing 70% alcohol and were counted accurately under a stereomicroscope. To determine the relationship between air quality index, precipitation, air temperature and air humidity as environmental and climatic factors with the abundance of whiteflies, change point analysis and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) was used. Results: The most density of white flies per trap was 256. 6 and 155. 6 in early October and late September respectively. The number moved closer to zero from November to April. The population of whiteflies was inversely correlated with the level of air quality index (p= 0. 99) and precipitation (p= 0. 95), and it had a direct correlation with the high temperature. Also, the population of whiteflies had a direct correlation with the level of air humidity in the first half of the year Conclusion: According to these findings, during spring and summer from early May to early October.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of environmental conditions with emphasis on the main meteorological factors (air temperature variables, sunshine hour, and humidity), on phytoplankton communities. As important primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, phytoplankton communities could be affected by several factors. Environmental factors play the major role in occurrence and diversity of these photosynthetic microorganisms. In the present study, the relationship between phytoplankton occurrence and meteorological variables was assessed in several artificial ponds and lakes in the National Botanical Garden of Iran. For this purpose, surface water samples of the selected sites were monthly studied over a year. A total of 122 taxa of phytoplanktons were identified in the mentioned sites out of which, five taxa were new records for Iran. Among several taxa, six dominant genera, including Chroococcus (Cyanophyta), Nitzschia (Bacillariophyta), Glenodinium (Pyrrhophyta), Scenedesmus, Cosmarium, and Tetraedron (Chlorophyta), were selected for further investigation. The meteorological factors were considered with emphasis on air temperature variables (maximum and minimum temperatures, average air temperature, wet and dry temperatures, and dew point temperature), sunshine hour, and humidity. Results showed that, climatic conditions can be considered as effective factors on phytoplankton communities. The results of regression analysis between algal density and meteorological variables showed that, phytoplankton’ s density has a significant correlation with the sunshine hour and air temperature variables. It seems that, the regression equation and environmental sensitivity vary from one taxon to another.